Simultaneously acquired images of vanadium-doped monolayer MoS₂: (a) SE, (b) MAADF+HAADF, (c) virtual bright field (BF), (d) phase, (e) transverse electric field worked out by center-of-mass (CoM) analysis, (f) charge density, (g-l) line profiles through a V substitution and an S vacancy along the dashed lines marked in the six images. The transverse electric field profile (k) shows the signal magnitude, and all the signals except the SE one are integrated (projected) in Z. Green arrows point to a line defect, yellow arrow to a substitutional vanadium atom, and blue arrows to sulphur vacancies. Note that atoms are dark in the BF image (c and i), doughnut-like in (the magnitude of) the transverse electric field image (e and k), and bright in all the other images. The arrows and line profile markers are in identical positions in all the images, and the tips of the blue arrows are ∼0.17 nm away from the atomic sites they point to, so that they do not obscure the images of the atoms.