Electro-optic properties of singly and doubly doped lithium niobate crystal by rare earth elements for optoelectronic and laser applications | The European Physical Journal Applied Physics (EPJ AP)

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Table 1

Characteristics of the studied LN crystals. EO figures of merit, F = n ³ r_eff and EO coefficients r_eff of the third column of the EO tensor. In calculation of the EO coefficients, we assumed the typical values of the refractive indices for pure congruent crystal (at T = 25 °C and λ = 632.8 nm).

	N^o	Dopant/(mol%) In the melt	Dopant/(mol%) In the crystal	n ³ r₁₃ (pm/V)	n ³ r₃₃ (pm/V)	n ³ r_c (pm/V)	r₁₃ (pm/V)	r₃₃ (pm/V)	r_c (pm/V)
Pure cg	0	0		102	314	213	8.5	29.4	19.9
Ho³⁺	1–1	0.092	0.092	112	315	203	9.3	29.5	19.0
	1–2	0.69	0.69	99	290	190	8.3	27.1	17.8
Tm³⁺	2–1	0.009	0.012	107	309	201	9.0	28.9	18.9
	2–2	0.09	0.12	110	314	205	9.2	29.4	19.2
Yb³⁺	3–1	0.01	–	111	332	222	9.2	31.1	20.8
	3–2	0.02	–	101	297	196	8.5	27.8	18.3
	3–3	1	1.2	91	258	167	7.6	24.2	15.6
Er³⁺–Yb³⁺	4–1	0.2–0.5	0.33–0.96	103	309	206	8.6	28.9	19.3
	4–2	0.5–0.5	0.78–0.93	98	262	164	8.2	24.5	15.4
Er³⁺–Yb³⁺	5–1	0.2–1.0	0.33–1.57	92	265	173	7.7	24.8	16.2
	5–2	0.5–1.0	0.62–1.47	100	284	184	8.3	26.5	17.2

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