Issue |
Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.
Volume 95, Number 2, August 2021
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 20901 | |
Number of page(s) | 12 | |
Section | Physics of Energy Transfer, Conversion and Storage | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021200308 | |
Published online | 23 July 2021 |
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021200308
Regular Article
Thermo-mechanical energy harvesting and storage analysis in 0.6BZT-0.4BCT ceramics
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India
3
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Surathkal, Karnataka 575025, India
* e-mail: spatel@iiti.ac.in
Received:
30
September
2020
Received in final form:
19
May
2021
Accepted:
5
July
2021
Published online: 23 July 2021
Present work shows waste energy (thermal/mechanical) harvesting and storage capacity in bulk lead-free ferroelectric 0.6Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3–0.4(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (0.6BZT-0.4BCT) ceramics. The thermal energy harvesting is obtained by employing the Olsen cycle under different stress biasing, whereas mechanical energy harvesting calculated using the thermo-mechanical cycle at various temperature biasing. To estimate the energy harvesting polarization-electric field loops were measured as a function of stress and temperatures. The maximum thermal energy harvesting is obtained equal to 158 kJ/m3 when the Olsen cycle operated as 25–81 °C (at contact stress of 5 MPa) and 0.25–2 kV/mm. On the other hand, maximum mechanical energy harvesting is calculated as 158 kJ/m3 when the cycle operated as 5–160 MPa (at a constant temperature of 25 °C) and 0.25–2 kV/mm. It is found that the stress and temperature biasing are not beneficial for thermal and mechanical energy harvesting. Further, a hybrid cycle, where both stress and temperature are varied, is also studied to obtain enhanced energy harvesting. The improved energy conversion potential is equal to 221 kJ/m3 when the cycle operated as 25–81 °C, 5–160 MPa and 0.25–2 kV/mm. The energy storage density varies from 43 to 66 kJ/m3 (increase in temperature: 25–81 °C) and 43–80 kJ/m3 (increase in stress: 5–160 MPa). Also, the pre-stress can be easily implemented on the materials, which improves energy storage density almost 100% by stress induced domain switching. The results show that stress confinement can be used to enhance energy storage effectively.
© EDP Sciences, 2021
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